Decision Making and Consumer Essay

Post Surgical Elderly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Post Surgical Elderly - Essay Example The essential point will be centered around the basic medical problems influencing the ABC's (aviation route, breathing and course) of life, where wellbeing will be advanced, distress be mitigated and complexities be forestalled with in the span of her stay inside the emergency clinic. As a component of a medical caretaker's consideration, a compelling all around fathomed release plan will be talked about both to the patient's little girl just as the patient herself for home treatment. One of the most significant assignments that an attendant expect in the clinical business is to ensure that the patient shows ideal if not greatest wellbeing conditions preceding release. It likewise her obligation to give wellbeing instruction unto the patient and the patients noteworthy others for an intensive out patient consideration, one that is comprehended by both as far as semantics, pertinence and significance to be strictly followed. Admitted to my ward 3 days post medical procedure, 77 years of age Patient Tee is as of now in 2 liters oxygen treatment with 99% immersion by means of nasal prong. Chest x-beam shows that the lower flap of the lung has crumpled with a sputum microscopy that uncovered a couple of gram positive Vancomycin safe enterococcus. The patient additionally experiences dysphagia described by post gulping hack just as dysphonia. Physical versatility is similarly confined potentially because of weariness or potentially dread of torment. While patients pre-hospitalization history as of now uncovers poor nourishment, as confirmed by her little girl's explanation that the patient will not eat her suppers, this is greatly uplifted with the nearness of dysphagia (Medline and Mayo center landing page. 2006). The patient's miniaturized scale culture and affectability results tried positive on Enterococcus species, in spite of the fact that there is no indication of raised temperature as existing apart from everything else. The underlying centered appraisal that will be made by talking understanding Tee's of her current condition so as to assemble data identified with how and what she is feeling, contemplating dysphagia, torment (assuming any), breathing and correspondence capacity, her craving, pee and solid discharge, and the explanations behind powerlessness and her depiction of the force of agony/distress, as a feature of my procurement of abstract information. As a medical caretaker the perception that will consider my own target appraisal will incorporate, her breathing example, eagerness to move about, scope of development, intelligence and influence; her reaction to contact just as the mental indication of how she feels about her ongoing conditions lastly confirming this perceptions with research center outcomes Nursing Diagnosis with method of reasoning: Inadequate breathing example and impeded gas trade optional to fall of the left lower flap of the lung as confirm by the abatement in oxygen immersion in the blood at whatever point oxygen design is evacuated (Orem, 1980. p.11). Movement bigotry identified with brevity of breath just as weariness identified with disabled oxygen trade framework. Tension identified with sentiment of suffocation and conceivable dread identified with crippling respiratory inadequacy. Weakened verbal correspondence auxiliary to reliance of prong/conceal O2 inward breath and in conclusion ceaseless or situational low confidence identified with loss of typical

Examine with reference to language how Attia Hosain Essay Example

Analyze regarding language how Attia Hosain Paper Despite the fact that it was custom, she wishes she hadnt experienced all the difficulty as the individuals at the gathering didnt care much for custom or appeared to have overlooked it. The olive is one more image of her dissatisfaction. Her letting out the olive represents her total dismissal and moment dissatisfaction with western culture. In spite of the fact that we wonder why she covers up and does this. On the off chance that she dislikes so a lot, for what reason does she by any chance remain and bear the distress when she could be fulfilled in the solace of her own home. Creature symbolism is utilized to pass on her musings about the individuals and furthermore about the circumstance she was in. We will compose a custom article test on Examine regarding language how Attia Hosain explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Examine concerning language how Attia Hosain explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Examine concerning language how Attia Hosain explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer She alludes to them as weird animals, despite the fact that they were her own kin, she watched them like as though they were from another planet. She looks at the womans hooks plunged in blood to her own, which were unpainted and stopped very. In provincial India, food was supposed to be delighted in better whenever had with the fingers, as then none of the taste would be squandered on the spoons and forks. She has kept her nails short to not let them get messy, as she needs to eat with them. Her humility resembled a controlling gadget, which put a chain on her musings. Despite the fact that the moving was recommending obscenity, she was unable to force herself to think disgusting considerations, as ladies from her way of life were not to think, act or talk revoltingly. The lady of the hour, much the same as a youngster, continues relating the things and people at the gathering back to her country. We understand that she more likely than not been encased and we take in this from her good old perspective. The tone of the story changes as her emotions advance. We perceive how her anxiety edged towards alarm and with vulnerability a bashful look and afterward icily reluctant. The pinpoints to distress before long changes to uneasiness increased. From the start she was in cool protection however now she is totally quiet. We additionally perceive how the word distress is rehashed a few times to accentuate how awkward she is in a spot away from her home. From stun and trouble, she goes to disturb she develops increasingly more out of frustration and harshness. In any event, with regards to the music framework, from the outset the machine captivates her yet then her brain before long changes as she begins to detest the screeching and groaning and harsh clamors it flung at her. Indian music is said to alleviate the spirit yet when she hears the western music, she proclaims it as cruel racket which delivered grating clamors. At long last her emotions go to outrage, scorn, envy and bewilderment. Her viciousness goes to activities. She grasped her seat, battled and through held teeth, reveals to her significant other to disregard her. All through she is attempting to represent Indian societies and age old establishments yet here she appears to have surrendered toward the finish, all things considered, She can't bear it any longer. In Hindu custom, in the jaimala and even the agni pradakshina, the lady of the hour and lucky man wreath each other in formal common acknowledgment and they stroll around a conciliatory fire called pheras in which they promise never to leave one another and take on the world. She promises to acknowledge him anyway he is, yet here he and his ways nauseate her and she currently considers him to be a destroyer. In the event that the Taj Mahal of India didn't need a difference in scene and experience then she ought to have remained at home as opposed to coming for the gathering and disillusioning herself while demolishing her spouses evening too. Her biased desires for her kin are broken as she sees them previously adjusted to a culture she objects to. Home away from home was what she expected to discover rather all she finds is frailty and dejection and a yearning that she had not wanted that she would be on such a limit of marriage. A feeling of inadequacy is the thing that she experiences as she hesitantly respects the lady with a wine glass in one hand and a cigarette in the other/thought about how it felt to hold a cigarette with such self-assurance. She feels strange when she can't identify with the discussion of ladies of dress and appearance, which sounds so new to her existence where as opposed to relating garments to time and spot, the Indian lady would relate it to event. They are in their very own universe and she is isolated in hers in private feelings, uneasiness and dissatisfaction. We see the contention in the ladies mind, as she needs individuals to associate with her yet she doesnt need them to converse with her in dread that she wouldnt have the option to identify with them. Quiet by one way or another was an asylum for her. She can't carry her self to accompany terms with the way that these individuals had cut off their Indian roots to withstand toward the western. With their bilingual talk and discuss demonstrating their appendages and skin, which she discovered disgraceful. In the Indian culture it was just fitting for the lady to give her face and hair, which was the quintessence of her character, and the remainder of her body was to be secured. She pulled her own sari closer when the sari of another lady had sneaked off. She utilizes different systems to secure herself. Discussion is disabled, from the start cold protection with short answers and afterward quietness. Her sari also goes about as methods for shielding her body from the catches of others and from the world as she pulled her sari closer. She requests a squeezed orange as an assurance against the constant inquiries of Will u have a beverage? Affectation is her lone getaway; she doesn't drink the squeezed orange that is given to her she just puts it to her lips. In India, it is ill-advised for ladies to drink and she is mistaken for the people groups inversion of qualities. East will be east, west will be west, and never the twain will meet. I for one accept this isn't correct by and large. Here the lady of the hour could have put forth a greater amount of an attempt however she had been limited by one field of vision and conventions. Her inflexible demeanor and enraging quality of nobility keeps her from seeing the positive qualities in individuals, in light of the fact that under all the conduct, they might be decent people. The entertainer was enchanting and put forth a valiant effort to cause them to feel great. I feel for the lady, as she doesn't have the foggiest idea how to respond to such ways and individuals who should be Indians. Shes a fish out of water with her dressing and customs. She isn't just in wonderment however she is increasingly affronted. The lady of the hour is excessively certain about herself. Indian womanhood was formed on how the Indian physkee ought to respond. She can't hope to live with old qualities in this world. One is required to change mentalities as indicated by time and spot. Regularly when we are around various individuals, we attempt to adjust to their courses so as to fit in. What is commendable about this lady is that she doesn't surrender her convictions, in any event, for her better half so as to feel increasingly great and fit in. Her traditions don't soak despite the fact that she is in contact with an alternate culture who really originated from where she came. She needs to be a decent spouse and offer in her husbands joy yet her won't to enjoy ways she doesn't acknowledge shows that she won't sweat when her convictions are addressed. In spite of the fact that she is inflexible in her demeanor, and perpetual in her thoughts, I relate to her as I myself would think that its exceptionally hard to adjust to new ways unexpectedly early. Possibly on the off chance that there were a type of acceptance day, at that point she would have responded better. I have compassion for her abusive Indian condition. She believed that marriage would be a break from the installations her family held her in yet what a failure it turned for her. She felt that it would be an experience, which she would come cheerfully for. Much to her dismay that it would be her moms customs and injuries that would hold her back in this new spot too. She would have felt less forgot about if her methodology were not so much critical but rather more to when in doubt refrain from interfering. Attia Hosain has undoubtedly said something about the Indian lady. The Indian lady is solid, simply, loyal, excellent, a great spouse, a great mother, and a good example for ladies everything being equal.

Magical Realism in The Garden of Forking Paths Essay -- Garden of Fork

Supernatural Realism in The Garden of Forking Paths While there might be some discussion with respect to whether the Argentinian Jorge Luis Borges was in fact a Magical Realist, some may feel that his works unquestionably have a portion of the attributes of what is viewed as Magical Realistic writing. Among his different sorts of works are verse, articles, dreams, and short fictions. Frequently alluded to in expositions that talk about the history and hypothesis of Magical Realism, The Garden of Forking Paths is likely Borges' most well known short story. Distributed in 1964 out of an assortment of Borges works entitled Labyrinths: Selected Stories and Other Writings, his short story The Garden of Forking Paths seems to have a few of the components of Magical Realism. Initially, the primary plot of The Garden of Forking Paths may appear to be genuinely basic and genuine. In this story the principle character, Yu Tsun, is a German government agent who knows the name of the British cannons park. Yu Tsun needs to inform his head concerning this British mounted guns park with the goal that the Germans can demolish it. In any case, Yu Tsun is worried about the possibility that that Captain Richard Madden, who is on the British side, will shoot him before he can get the word out in time. Consequently, Yu Tsun thinks of the arrangement to go to a Dr. Stephen Albert's home and shoot him. By shooting Stephen Albert, Yu Tsun transfers the message to his boss in Berlin that Albert is where the British ordnance park is found (Wiehe 980). A peruser can see that the pragmatist components in The Garden of Forking Paths are that the story is occurring during World War I, that the story includes genuine individuals who are spies, and that the story depends on a ge nuinely coherent plot. The expression genuinely legitimate plot is us... ...mmunity. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 163-186. Flores, Angel. Otherworldly Realism in Spanish American Fiction. Magical Realism. Hypothesis, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 109-116. Roh, Franz. Enchantment Realism: Post-Expressionism. Magical Realism. Hypothesis, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 15-30. Simpkins, Scott. Wellsprings of Magic Realism/Supplements to Realism in Contemporary Latin American Literature. Magical Realism. Hypothesis, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 145-157. Wiehe, Roger E. Jorge Luis Borges. Critical Survey of Short Fiction. Vol 3. Ed. Straight to the point N. Magill. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Salem Press, 1981: 977-982. Â

5 Approaches to Be a Noteworthy Communicator and Tips to Be More Present in Conversations

5 Approaches to Be a Noteworthy Communicator and Tips to Be More Present in Conversations Communication is an important life skill that every individual must possess whether in a â€" personal or professional environment. Good communication can strengthen and enhance various mutual relationships in your life. A survey conducted by HubSpot demonstrates that more companies are looking to convert leads into sales as their #1 challenge. For effective sales, it’s imperative that your communication skills be at their potential best. Companies no longer consider employing recruits with poor communication skills even if they’ve got a stellar achievement record. In this article, we’ll learn various ideas on how to be more present in a conversation and how to effectively conduct a dialogue with your peers and senior-level managers.  WHY GOOD COMMUNICATION IS IMPORTANT FOR A GOOD CAREERImagine walking into an interview room, handing over your files, and being completely dumbfounded when you know exactly what to say but just can’t convert it into words. While you may be the ri ght fit for the company as far as experience is concerned, the skills still need to be put into words and you need to charm your interviewer with your confidence if you have any chance of landing the job. Below are some of the top reasons to have great communication skills for your career.The Ability to Deliver a Good Speech for MotivationLet’s look at history and find out how important communication was. Martin Luther King Jr. was a phenomenal orator, he believed in his dream and could convert his enthusiasm for his dream into powerful words that swayed the public. If MLK Jr. didn’t possess great communication skills, it would be near impossible to make a positive global impact as he did. People wouldn’t know what his dream was about and without clear understanding, they wouldn’t have stood for what he believed in. Similarly, as an entrepreneur, if you have any chance of leading your employees to success, you need to be able to communicate with them in an effective manner. Effective communication can mean all the difference between dissatisfied employees and passionate ones. If there is someone in your company that is feeling unsupported, as a leader, it’s your job to boost their morale with words of confidence. It’s necessary to always mean what you say. True communication comes from the soul, if you truly stand for what you believe in, then your communication will resonate with the same grade of success.To effectively strengthen your communication ability. Ask yourself these following questions and you’ll immediately be able to pinpoint your major communicative weaknesses. Am I speaking loud enough for the other person to hear me? If the other person can hear me, are they able to understand what I am trying to convey? (language barrier, bad tone, etc.)Do I communicate openly, or do I hold myself back? (from prejudices, judgments, and expectations)Am I listening to the other person completely before I offer my thoughts on the subject?If the out come isn’t to my expectations, am I learning from my previous mistakes and improving my communication skills?Am I able to respect other people’s point of views before responding?Am I taking the responsibility of my message that I convey to others?Does my conversation hold any value to the topic in question?Is the listener not able to hold an interest in my conversation? (If so, where is the problem. Maybe the conversation went on for too long? Maybe it was irrelevant?) Skilled Communicators Earn Better IncomeCommunication is a great tool to negotiate your income. During an interview, good communication helps you take control of the steering wheel of the conversation and allows you to negotiate a price that you’re comfortable with. Along the way, you get to impress your interviewer enough to throw in a few extra employee benefits to your package and walk out of the interview feeling like a star.Let’s give you an example to prove this point. Jack and Tom are invited to Edelwei ss to be recruited as investment brokers. While both are equally qualified, Jack has better communication skills than Tom. Here’s how their conversation goes â€"Jack’s InterviewInterviewer: Hi, Jack. Welcome to Edelweiss.Jack: Thanks for having me. It’s an honor to be here.Interviewer: Let’s get down to business, Jack. I’m impressed by your skills I’d like to know how much pay you’re expecting to take home.Jack: I believe my past work speaks better than my own description of it. I’ve always enjoyed a pay hike of 30% from my previous employers and I’d like to stick to that number. As witnessed by my achievements, none of my employers ever had any regrets about paying me for my asking price due to my ability to bring them business in quick successions.Interviewer: Jack, we’re willing to give you a shot. We’ve accepted your terms. Great to have you onboard.Jack: Splendid! Looking forward to my job profiling on the joining date. Tom’s InterviewInterviewer: Welcom e to Edelweiss, Tom. Please have a seat. Tom: Sure. Interviewer: Your skillset looks great on paper and we believe you’ll make a fine employee at Edelweiss. Would you be willing to brief us on your expected pay and why exactly we should give you this amount? Tom: Not exactly sure what to expect, to be honest. Care to give me a starting offer to make up my mind?Interviewer: We’d like to offer you a pay package of 15% over your current pay without employee benefits. Tom: I think that sounds about right. I’ll take the job.Interviewer: We’ll have someone from the HR department reach out to you soon, Tom. Have a nice day.Same positions, different pay packages!All because Tom didn’t bother to negotiate nor converse with his interviewer. Let’s say the average pay for an investment broker a year is $40,000. A 30% hike for Jack means he gets a pay upgrade of $52000 from his previous job while Jack gets a measly $46000. That’s a difference of $6000 a year for the same job roles and this difference in salaries was created with a few words exchanged. Add to this, the company managed to deny Tom of valuable employee benefits. Another factor that helped Jack secure his pay upgrade was that he opened the negotiation package himself. Tom, however, allowed the interviewer to offer a starting amount. This ensures who took control of the steering wheel in the conversation.In Tom’s case, the interviewer was the better communicator and saved the company (Edelweiss) a good amount of funds.Is communication still relevant to your career? You be the judge.Communication as a tool to participate in Social NetworkingEvery one of us has interacted with our friends or family over social media at one point or the other. Networking platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Gmail Messenger, etc. are making it easier for us to be in touch, personally and professionally. It’s no wonder that the modern age requires a good command of our communication skills to network better with o thers. A survey was conducted with over 800 students involved to understand how social media affected communication and information. Most of the students were highly involved with social media and were dependent on information through these networking sites to help them make decisions in their lives. This survey highlighted that social media itself was a form of interaction and communication. Instead of using face-to-face instances of meeting others, the new generation utilizes digitals screens to interact with one another. Virtual relationships such as freelancers working for companies located in other countries, students being coached by online tutors, and even online dating tools are heavily relied upon by good communication skills. Take digital advertising, for example, you have a great brand idea but if you’re unable to communicate the idea on social-media to your users, you’ll be quick to fail. Social media communication is the need of the hour with a wide range of subscri bers able to connect to you with just a touch of a button. How well your business does depend on how well you can communicate your products and messages to your customers. Here’s a beginner checklist to communicate effectively with your social-media users. Feel free to add your own rules to the checklist as you go.Build your own voice, don’t copy a rival brandProject your brand in a positive lightKeep a short hashtagDon’t spam the same post to your users more than once a monthAlways spell checkUtilize video content for even effective communicationTry speaking to your users in a personalized video Utilize slides and images for colorful and bright interactive sessionsPolls and feedback forms are great ways to gain information Don’t forget communication isn’t just done by word-of-mouth. The new way of communication is how you project yourself or your brand to the world. By following the above rules, you create a head start for your brand/image by avoiding some of the biggest mistakes made by new entrepreneurs when starting out. Remember to keep it simple and only communicate what you truly believe in. 5 GREAT WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR COMMUNICATION SKILLS1. Pay Attention to Your WordsTake a quick look at the below phrase and count the number of “F’s” in the given statement. We’d like you to complete the exercise in less than 5 seconds. Let’s begin â€" “Finished files are the result of years of scientific study combined with the experience of years.”If you’ve gotten anything less than 6 F’s, then you’re wrong. This simple exercise proves how quickly our brain omits certain obvious factors without realizing it. Similarly, communication requires complete concentration to achieve and takes years to improve upon. One of the simplest ways to improve communication is to listen to others before you speak. By really listening to the other person, you allow time for your brain to adapt to the conversation and thereby you’ll know exactly what you want to communicate to the other person. Never multitask when conversing with someone over the phone. Your brain is distracted between two activities and this can cause a massive communication gap for the individual on the phone. Set aside time to converse with your colleagues and clients. The same logic applies to email communication and talking on the phone simultaneously. You’ll mix up words that you type in the email and might also miscommunicate while conversing. It’s highly important to think before you speak. Here’s an exercise to help you be aware of what you say â€"Using a voice recorder, record yourself speaking as two individuals. One individual is an interviewer and the other is looking for a job. Give yourself ample time as this is a mock interview there’s no need to rush yourself. Some tips to assist with the conversation.Observe the words that come out of your mouthCount 1-to-5 before responding to the interviewerThe tone of the conversation is extremely impor tant Take time to formulate a responseResponse with the information you have in your mindNotice the different tones you use when shifting between interviewer and recruitEnsure your tone is polite and clearAfter responding, observe your words once againGauge the reactions of both conversationsOnce you’ve finished recording a 5-minute conversation. Play the recording all over again and use the above rules to check if you’ve been following them. If you find a lot of stutter and stammer, you haven’t been observing your words and have been responding before your brain has a chance to formulate a response. Remember to never be in a hurry to form your response. This leads to stuttering and can make you seem like a poor communicator. This exercise takes at least a month before you can start seeing positive results. Practice this exercise 3 times a week. Also compare your most recent conversation from the day you started the exercise to see how effective you’ve become at communicatin g. 2. Improve Body LanguageBody language plays a major role in how you communicate. Everybody’s body signal is communicated directly from the brain whether you want to or not. Sometimes, when we aren’t aware our body tends to act on its own while conversing. A simple example of this is â€" when you’re watching a football match with your friends and your team is on the losing side, you realize at the end of the game that you’ve bitten off your nails completely. Gestures such as these are signals that the brain sends to the body to react during an emotional response to a current situation. In this example, your brain was tensed and hence, reacted in a tensed fashion. Let’s break up body communicative gestures into positive and negative fields to give you a better idea.Positive Body SignalsA stiff upper body that is upright while sittingShaking hands in a confident mannerA pleasant smile on the face during a greetingMaintaining eye-to-eye contact with the person you’re conv ersing withHands can either be folded or left loose when standingMaintain hands on the table surface just enough for the individual to see themWalk in an upright manner with a broad chest and a straight backNegative Body SignalsUncharismatic smile or failing to smile during a greetingLooking around the room when someone is speaking to youEasily distracted during a conversationBiting your nails when nervousMaintaining a sitting position with your leg on top of the otherWalking with a hunch and your head facing downwardChewing gum during a formal conversationNot able to maintain eye contact with the converser Fidgeting your shoulders from time to timeA slumped sitting position Occasionally moving your hands towards the back of your head and making an itching motionEven if you’ve got great vocal skills, it can translate negatively if you’ve managed to perform even one or two actions among the “Negative Body Signals” list. A good posture demonstrates a confident individual. A go od way to improve your body signals is to take a chair and sit in front of a mirror. Here you can make changes to your postures by referring to the “Positive Body Signals” list.When your body posture is in sync with effective vocal skills, you’re already on your way to becoming a great communicator and may even be complemented by your colleagues for being an outstanding communicator with great body skills. We’ll learn more about body gestures in the next section â€"Nonverbal Communication.3. Nonverbal CommunicationNot all communication happens with audible sounds and body gestures. Nonverbal communication is a form of communication where there isn’t anything said, and it utilizes physical movements, colors, signs, symbols, signals, attitudes, and feelings to express what you truly want to say. This type of communication is extremely prevalent in the modern world. Let’s break down nonverbal communications into their types to better understand this term. 1. Facial Expressi onsA common form of nonverbal communication. When we smile at our friends without saying a word, we communicate to them that we’re extremely happy to see them. When we raise both our eyebrows after reading the newspaper, we are surprised by the events unfolding. Similarly, when we watch a horror movie and are walking alone at night, our faces begin to show signs of discomfort to demonstrate fear. In this form of communication, the face is an important point that indicates our moods and emotions to the other person. Thus, it’s important to always have a smiling face when greeting others or when receiving information from others. A smile is one of the best ways to keep a conversation as positive as you can.2. Para-linguisticHave you ever seen a speech given out live by an exceptional orator? Notice how his voice reverberates and he can charm the masses with his majestic tone and swashbuckling choice of words. This form of nonverbal communication deals with the following vocal elem ents â€"RhythmLoudnessTonePitchInflectionFor example â€" Imagine a teacher that isn’t loud or has a monotone when explaining a topic to the students. The students will experience a state of boredom with no active modulation to the teacher’s voice and will begin to laze around. In this way, para-linguistic skills can be a powerful communicator when you’re able to master it.3. SilenceConfused? Don’t be! Silence is just as useful for communication as a vocal sound. Being silent allows the other person to understand effectively what has just been said. Other times, when someone is silent, it often means he or she hasn’t understood the topic in question and this is one way of communicating ignorance.4. TouchA simple hug can communicate warmth and love from one another. By shaking hands with your peers, you show them respect. Touch is an important communicator and is extremely important to master for exceptional communication skills. A great example of touch-based communication is when someone touches you from behind in a crowded street to request you to give them the way to pass. 5. Physical AppearanceThe way you appear and dress are important features to effective communication. Wearing jeans and a t-shirt to an interview will immediately get your rejected. This is because you’ve communicated to the interviewer that the job isn’t worth your time and dressing up in formals wasn’t necessary. Another example of physical appearance is when you’re in a hospital and see a person in a lab coat, you automatically assume the person to be a doctor. A dress is an important communicator and serves the purpose without any audible dialogue.6. Visual CommunicationWhen most of the communication is conversed using visual aids, it’s called visual communication. One of the best examples is the signboards on the road. When you witness a yellow radiation symbol on a factory, you immediately come to know that the place ahead is filled with radioactive material and i s unsafe for civilians to enter. Now that you understand nonverbal communication. It’s time to put it to test. Answer the following questions as “Nonverbal” or “Verbal” form of communication to validate your communicational knowledge. You can check for the answers below the quiz.Screaming loudly at the sight of a spider Being distracted in class when your teacher is explaining a topicShowing facial disgust when your mom asks you to clean the roomHugging your brother on his birthdayGossiping with your colleague during lunch timeA news anchor broadcasting newsA deaf man using sign language Telephonic conversation with a friendCrying tears of joy after witnessing a happy endingLaughing at a comedy showNow let’s see how much you understand about nonverbal and verbal communication. Refer to the answers below.The Cheat Sheet Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal CommunicationNonverbal CommunicationNonverbal CommunicationVerbal CommunicationVerbal CommunicationNonverbal Communicatio nVerbal CommunicationNonverbal CommunicationNonverbal Communication4. The Art of Timing Timing is an advanced form of communication but important nonetheless. You’ve undoubtedly heard of how comedians and motivational speakers get interrupted all the time by pranksters in the crowd that want to yell out a comment to distract them from their subject. Sometimes, the comedian or speaker usually yells back with a witty comeback and the whole audience erupts in laughter and applause. This is an example of timing in conversation.As a leader in your company, it’s extremely critical for you to develop adequate skills in timing your deliveries. You want to start with a problem, discuss the problem, and demonstrate how the problem can be a long-term issue between gaining profits for the company and a loss for the company. Finally, at the end of the speech, you deliver a solution to the problem and your employees are impressed at how well you’ve managed to converse them into understandin g the problem, seeing the problem, and witnessing a solution to the problem in a single speech. Here are effective tips to maintain conversational timing â€" 1. Maintain a timeframeWhen you know exactly how much time you’ve got to present a speech, it’ll make it easier for you to communicate with your audience. A timeframe allows you to discuss the topic in length while coming down to the solution at the right time, so your audience is mesmerized. Without a timeframe, you quickly lose track of what you wished to discuss and might jumble up the scripts that you’d spent hours rehearsing.2. Meet the audience’s expectationsTo maintain the art of timing, it’s important to understand to write conversational scripts based on what the audience needs from you. For example â€" If you’re presenting a series of image slides to your senior managers. It’s important to explain clearly and in an informative manner as to why each slide makes the cut to the big screen. Don’t waste peo ple’s time with unnecessary information that isn’t relevant to the topic of the debate. The art of timing is all about valuing people’s time and presenting your conversation in a step-by-step approach.3. Cut to the Big FinaleIf you’ve got a splendid topic to discuss at length, don’t bore your audience repeating the same statement all over again in different lengths and variations. Move on to the climax portion of the conversation and unveil the grand finish. This way when the curtains go down, you’ll be at the positive end of an applause. 5. Stories are Powerful ScriptsAs kids, when our parents used to read us a fairytale, we were completely engrossed by the stories. Ever wondered why? It’s because people love stories â€"it’s that simple! A story allows us to forget reality and immerse ourselves completely in it. Information, when told in a straightforward manner, is completely boring for someone to process and hence, it doesn’t really register to us on an emotiona l level. However, if the same information is recreated and told as a story with lots of entertaining bits, we suddenly stop and listen until the climax unveils. So, do you need to be a novelist or an author to weave perfect stories every time? Not at all, a story doesn’t necessarily contain dragons and princesses and all the magical voodoo behind it. A story is simply a constructed version of events told in an entertaining fashion to the listener. Let’s understand this with an example. Jake is an employee at a reputed company and has turned up late to work. He’s now been summoned to the boss’s chambers to explain his reason for the lack of punctuality. Here’s Jake’s boring and straightforward version for being late â€"Jake: I apologize, sir. I’ve been stuck in traffic for the past hour and couldn’t make it in time. It won’t happen again. Boss: I don’t believe your stories, Jake. It’s the third time you’ve been late this week. Another time, and you’ll find y ourself looking for a job.Jake: I understand. It won’t happen again, sir.Here’s Jake coming up with a story for his delay â€"Jake: Sir, the most fascinating thing happened to me today. I got out from the bed and realized that my window had blue fingerprints. Not one to believe in fairytales I begin to investigate the issue when I found a mysterious trail of fingerprints leading up to my son’s room. Boss: And?Jake: After following the trail, I found out that my 3-year old son had been playing with watercolors and had landed in my room last night. He tried to push the windows to reach out to the birds on the other side and had made the entire house a mess in the process. Boss: That’s adorable, JakeJake: By the time, I cleaned up the mess and drove beyond the traffic, I’ve managed to miss 15 minutes of work. I truly apologize for my situation, but the real culprit is my son. If pronounced, I’ll bring the guilty rascal to the office tomorrow for his punishment. Boss: Ha-ha, that won’t be necessary Jake. Hope to see you on time from now on. Jake used humor as a weapon to diffuse the situation with his boss in the 2nd scenario. While in the first scenario, his boss expected him to come up with a silly excuse and Jake did exactly that with no effort to cover up for his mistake. Communication is key in turning an ugly scenario into a completely amusing one. Humor is a great addon to a story to entertain the listener. FINAL THOUGHTSGreat communicators understand that if they don’t read patterns in communications, a long-term misunderstanding can be created. Hence, the right alignment of words, the tone of voice, and body language all play a vital role in effective communication. One of the most overlooked factors is not paying attention to nonverbal communication. Don’t do that!

Nature A Metaphor for Self - Literature Essay Samples

Throughout literature, nature imagery is used to depict a deeper meaning, and often insight into the protagonist’s thoughts and inner self. Nature imagery in the novel Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse reflects the evolution of Siddhartha’s self throughout his allegorical journey. Images of contained nature in the novel represent a contained and limited Siddhartha, while in contrast, images of unfettered nature represent a more free-spirited and open Siddhartha. It is only in uncontained nature that Siddhartha finds he can focus on himself and set aside limitations. Surrounded by nature in its most natural state, Siddhartha can put aside all limitations that result from living in a society and cultivate a more mindful, focused, state of calm and contentment. The nature described at the beginning of the story represents how Siddhartha was limited in his Brahmin lifestyle. When Siddhartha was a Brahmin, he lived in a well-groomed palace, and this represents how he felt limited. Siddhartha had everything he could have ever wanted- power, wealth, and luxury. He was loved by everyone in his kingdom, including his family. Yet he felt limited by the opportunities offered to him in this life, specifically his inability to find the answers he was looking for. He wanted answers to complex questions that no one, not even the wisest men in the kingdom, had answers to. He felt trapped, and the kind of nature that surrounds him in this lifestyle is a representation of this trapped feeling. The word shade comes up many times when describing this setting of his life. Shade represents being sheltered and protected. Siddhartha was hidden and sheltered from the world in which he yearned to live in, a world where he could find the answers he was looking for . The setting is described: â€Å"In the shade of the house, in the sunlight on the riverbank where the boats were moored, in the shade of the sal wood and the shade of the fig tree, Siddhartha grew up, the Brahmin’s handsome son,† (3). In this description of nature, Hesse implies that although Siddhartha may have grown up as the Brahmin’s son with wealth and power, he was sheltered and limited. He was not content with this lifestyle. Siddhartha says to Govinda, â€Å"Come under the banyan tree with me; let us practice samadhi† (7). When Siddhartha says this, it is to show that he is used to this lifestyle, and is comfortable with the shade of the tree and the sheltering of his life. But although he is comfortable, he is not satisfied. So, Siddhartha chooses to leave this lifestyle in search of a life with meaning and answers. But first, he must go with the permission of his family. Siddhartha refuses to leave without permission from his father, and he wa its outside his father’s window all night â€Å"in the moonlight, in the starlight, in the darkness† (10). Hesse uses nature’s natural light to represent where Siddhartha stands in his journey. He is transitioning from one lifestyle to another. He knows he is not content with the Brahmin lifestyle, and that he must leave it. But he is partially in the dark of where he will go. The Samana lifestyle and his yearning for answers are his starlight and moonlight; guiding forces, moving him in the right direction. The use of natural imagery in this section of the story represents where Siddhartha is in this step of his allegorical journey. He is partially in the dark when it comes to answers, but he knows he must make a change in order to find what he is looking for. Unlike the nature imagery represented in Siddhartha’s Brahmin lifestyle, after Siddhartha is awakened for the first time he notices every aspect of nature in all its beauty, and this represents an unfettered Siddhartha. This imagery represents how Siddhartha does not need wealth, power, or even teachers in order to find enlightenment. He just needs to look within himself. After his awakening, Siddhartha begins a new journey to discover himself. He suddenly begins to notice every serene aspect of nature. The descriptions of raw nature represent a raw, free, and genuine Siddhartha. When Siddhartha is walking in the forest, Hesse writes in vivid description, â€Å"He saw trees, stars, animals, clouds, rainbows, cliffs, herbs and flowers, stream and river, the flash of dew in the morning bushes, distant high mountains blue and pale; birds were singing, so were bees, and wind blew silvery through the rice paddies† (41). Hesse paints a vibrant picture of the state of mind tha t Siddhartha is living in at that moment. Nature is one of the simplest pleasures of life, and Siddhartha found that, â€Å"nothing else was necessary,† (43). Siddhartha now understands that he does not need teachers or strict rules to live by in order to live contently. Siddhartha realizes that his old lifestyles as a Brahmin and a Samana masked the true beauty of the world. Siddhartha was so busy searching for answers within others that he didn’t realize he could find the answers within the most natural parts of the world. Siddhartha realizes, â€Å"All these things had always been there, and yet he had not seen them; he had not been present† (42). It is here that Siddhartha realizes that he does not need teachers or other people to give him the answers he islooking for. Nature is used to represent the fact that he can find answers within the simple things in life. Like the nature imagery in Siddhartha’s Brahmin lifestyle, tamed nature in the city represents a contained and limited Siddhartha. In this case, Siddhartha is limited by the world of the child people, specifically wealth. He feels that the child people’s obsession with wealth and materialism traps him, and stunts his spiritual growth. As Siddhartha reaches the city after leaving the forest: â€Å"Just outside the city, near a lovely fenced-in grove, the wanderer encountered a small company of maids† (46). Just as the shade described in the setting of the Brahmin lifestyle represents shelter and protection, the â€Å"fenced-in grove† represents a protected and limited Siddhartha. There were no fenced-in groves in the forest, where Siddhartha felt the most free. This description is an immediate representation that Siddhartha will feel limited in the city. After years in the city, Siddhartha begins to realize this. Siddhartha’s soul is compared to a pi ece of nature when Hesse writes, â€Å"Slowly, as moisture seeps into the dying tree trunk, slowly filling it up and making it rot, worldliness and lethargy had crept into Siddhartha’s soul, filling it slowly, making it heavy, making it weary, putting it to sleep,† (65). The world of the child people contaminates Siddhartha’s soul, and hinders Siddhartha’s understanding of himself. This comparison between Siddhartha and a dying tree represents a difficult part of his journey to finding himself, as he feels as if his soul is being suffocated by the world around him. Later, Siddhartha has a dream about a rare songbird that Kamala keeps in a golden cage. Siddhartha dreamed that: the bird, which always used to sing at dawn, had fallen silentthe little bird lay dead and still on the bottom [of the cage.] He took it outand then tossed it aside, into the street, and at the same moment he was seized with fear and horror and his head hurt, as if with this dead bir d he had thrust aside everything that had worth and value. (70) The bird clearly symbolizes Siddhartha. Siddhartha used to be happy and content with his life as he wandered through the forest, observing nature. He even used to be happy living in the world of the child people. But just as the bird is trapped in the golden cage, Siddhartha is trapped within the wealth and the luxury of the world he inhabits. The dream is a message to Siddhartha, telling him that if he does not escape the wealth of this world soon, his soul will die just as the songbird did. The bird is a force of nature in its most free and unfettered state, so nature is used again to represent which stage of his journey Siddhartha is in. Similarly to the unfettered nature Siddhartha observes after his first awakening, the river in the novel represents a free, constantly-flowing, and content Siddhartha. When Siddhartha is by the river, he is calm and in touch with his inner self. Every aspect of the river- the sound, the smell, and the feeling- help Siddhartha to be mindful and content. The river is the force of nature that Siddhartha finally chooses to live near after many ups and downs on his allegorical journey. Siddhartha moved between contained and unfettered nature, and he finally chooses to live by free nature, the river. Siddhartha is very similar to the river, and he observes the similarities: â€Å"He saw that the water flowed and flowed, it was constantly flowing† (86). Just as the river is constantly flowing and moving from place to place, so is Siddhartha. After Siddhartha speaks to the Buddha, he realizes that â€Å"no one will ever attain redemption through doctrine† (30). Siddhartha finds that the only way to reach the goals of his allegorical journey is to find the answers for himself. The river proves to be a significant source of wisdom for Siddhartha. Throughout the story Siddhartha learns to find answers within himself, and he can relate to the river because he can find the similarities between the river and himself. Siddhartha describes his relationship to the river: â€Å"Never had a body of water so pleased him, never had he perceived the voice and the allegory of the moving water so powerfully and beautifully. It seemed to him that the river had something special to say to him, something he did not yet know, something still awaiting him† (84). The river represents a stage of Siddhartha’s journey where he feels enlightened and awake. This use of natural imagery reflects Siddhartha’s stage in his journey, and represents a more spiritually free and content Siddhartha. Natural imagery in the novel Siddhartha gives the reader insight into the stages of Siddhartha’s allegorical journey. Raw, unfettered nature, such as the vivid natureimagery after Siddhartha’s awakening and the river at the end of the novel, represents a genuine and content Siddhartha. When Siddhartha is in this stage of his journey, he is content and in touch with his inner self. In contrast, contained and altered nature in the novel represents a limited and restricted Siddhartha when it comes to his connection with his inner self. Limited nature is shown with imagery in the description of Siddhartha’s Brahmin lifestyle and with Kamala’s caged bird. The message of natural healing in Siddhartha corresponds to modern life, too. It has been a commonplace pre and post-modern period that people can find more healing and happiness in more natural places such as the country rather than cities. Nature in its most natural form has proven to have a more positive af fect on people overall, and this idea is clearly represented in the novel Siddhartha.

The Fallacy of Division

In critical thinking, we often come across statements that fall victim to the fallacy of division. This common logical fallacy refers to an attribution placed onto an entire class, assuming that each part has the same property as the whole. These can be physical objects, concepts, or groups of people.   By grouping elements of a whole together and assuming that every piece automatically has a certain attribute, we are often stating a false argument. This falls into the category of a fallacy of grammatical analogy. It can apply to many arguments and statements we make, including the debate over religious beliefs. Explanation The fallacy of division is similar to the fallacy of composition  but in reverse. This fallacy involves someone taking an attribute of a whole or a class and assuming that it must also necessarily be true of each part or member. The fallacy of division takes the form of: X has property P. Therefore, all parts (or members) of X have this property P. Examples and Observations Here are some obvious examples of the Fallacy of Division: The United States is the richest country in the world. Therefore, everyone in the United States must be rich and live well.Because professional sports players are paid outrageous salaries, every professional sports player must be rich.The American judicial system is a fair system. Therefore, the defendant got a fair trial and was not executed unfairly. Just as with the fallacy of composition, it is possible to create similar arguments that are valid. Here are some examples: All dogs are from the canidae family. Therefore, my Doberman is from the canidae family.All men are mortal. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. Why are these last examples of valid arguments? The difference is between distributive and collective attributes. Attributes that are shared by all members of a class are called distributive because the attribute is distributed among all members by virtue of being a member. Attributes that are created only by bringing together the right parts in the right way are called collective.  This is because it is an attribute of a collection, rather than of the individuals. These examples will illustrate the difference: Stars are large.Stars are numerous. Each statement modifies the word stars with an attribute. In the first, the attribute large is distributive. It is a quality held by each star individually, regardless of whether it is in a group or not. In the second sentence, the attribute numerous is collective. It is an attribute of the entire group of stars and only exists because of the collection. No individual star can have the attribute numerous. This demonstrates a primary reason why so many arguments like this are fallacious. When we bring things together, they can often result in a whole which has new properties unavailable to the parts individually. This is what is often meant by the phrase the whole is more than the sum of the parts. Just because atoms put together in a certain way constitutes a living dog does not mean that all atoms are living - or that the atoms are themselves dogs, either. In Religion Atheists often encounter the fallacy of division when debating religion and science. Sometimes, they may be guilty of using it themselves: Christianity has done many evil things in its history. Therefore, all Christians are evil and nasty. One common way of using the fallacy of division is known as guilt by association. This is clearly illustrated in the example above. Some nasty characteristic is attributed to an entire group of people - political, ethnic, religious, etc. It is then concluded that some particular member of that group (or every member) should be held responsible for whatever nasty things we have come up with. They are, therefore, labeled guilty due to their association with that group. While its uncommon for atheists to state this particular argument in such a direct manner, many atheists have made similar arguments. If not spoken, its not unusual for atheists to behave as if they believed this argument was true. Here is a slightly more complicated example of the fallacy of division which is often used by creationists: Unless each cell in your brain is capable of consciousness and thinking, then the consciousness and thinking in your brain cannot be explained by matter alone. It doesnt look like the other examples, but it is still the fallacy of division - its just been hidden. We can see it better if we more clearly state the hidden premise: If your (material) brain is capable of consciousness, then each cell of your brain must be capable of consciousness. But we know that each cell of your brain does not possess consciousness. Therefore, your (material) brain itself cannot be the source of your consciousness. This argument presumes that if something is true of the whole, then it must be true of the parts. Because it is not true that each cell in your brain is individually capable of consciousness, the argument concludes that there must be something more involved - something other than material cells.   Consciousness, therefore, must come from something other than the material brain. Otherwise, the argument would lead to a true conclusion. Yet, once we realize that the argument contains a fallacy, we no longer have a reason to assume that consciousness is caused by something else. It would be like using this argument: Unless each part of a car is capable of self-propulsion, then self-propulsion in a car cannot be explained by the material car-parts alone. No intelligent person would ever think to use or accept this argument, but its structurally similar to the consciousness example.